How to Care for Laying Hens

Whether you’ve got a cozy backyard coop or you’re gearing up for a small egg operation, caring for your laying hens the right way makes all the difference. From nutrition and setup to handling and egg collection, this straightforward guide will help you raise a healthy, happy flock and enjoy a steady supply of farm-fresh eggs.

If you’ve already read our blog, “Raising Your Own Chickens for Fresh Eggs,” you’re off to a great start. Now it’s time to take things a step further and make sure your layers have what they need to thrive.

What Are Chick Layers?

Chick layers are young female chickens raised specifically for egg production. These birds are bred for their ability to lay high quantities of eggs consistently once they reach maturity, usually around 18–20 weeks old. With the right care, a healthy hen can lay up to 300 eggs per year.

Nutrition – Laying Chickens Need 

Good nutrition is the backbone of egg production and flock health. When your hens get the right nutrients, they lay stronger healthy eggs and stay resilient throughout the seasons. Poor nutrition can lead to fragile eggshells, feather loss, and reduced laying. Here’s what your layers need most:

• Protein (16–18%): Supports egg production and feather health. Choose a feed formulated specifically for laying hens.
• Calcium: Crucial for strong shells. Supplement with crushed oyster shells or limestone if needed.
• Grains & Greens: Offer variety and enrichment, but feed in moderation.
• Grit: Since hens don’t have teeth, grit (tiny stones or commercial grit) helps them break down food.
• Fresh Water: Always, always make sure fresh water is available. Even short-term dehydration can impact laying.

Feeding Routine: Consistency Is Key

Consistency isn’t just good for your hens, it also helps you keep a close eye on their health and habits.

• Feed in the morning and evening for best results.
• Offer free access to a high-quality layer pellet or crumble throughout the day.
• Treats are fine, but no more than 10% of their daily intake.
• Clean feeders and waterers regularly to help prevent spoilage or disease.

At Elston Hay & Grain, we make feeding your flock simple with our Kelley’s Feed All Purpose Lay line, designed for every stage of a layer’s life:

• Lay Mash Poultry Feed: A fine-textured feed that’s easy to mix and ideal for chickens who prefer a mash consistency.
• Lay Pellets Poultry Feed: Compressed pellets that reduce waste and provide balanced nutrition in every bite.
• Lay Crumble Poultry Feed: A crumbled option that’s easy to eat and great for flocks transitioning from mash to pellets.

Don’t Forget Deworming

It’s not just about what your hens eat, it’s about how well their bodies put those nutrients to use. Parasites can get in the way, making it harder for your flock to stay healthy and lay consistently. That’s why regular deworming is an important part of your care routine, especially for birds that free-range or forage.

Use a poultry-safe dewormer seasonally or as needed, and always follow label instructions – including any egg withdrawal times. For timing, techniques, and best practices, check out our Deworming blog which covers tips that apply to both chickens and other barn animals.

Laying Setup: Give Hens What They Need

As your chicks grow into laying hens, a proper setup helps them lay consistently and reduces stress.

• Nesting boxes should be cozy, clean, and in a quiet area. Provide one box per 3-4 hens to give them a safe place to lay eggs.
• Heat Management, especially important in colder months or for younger birds.
• Fresh water access is so critically important for health and well-being. Always ensure chickens always have easy-to-reach water.
• Use ceramic nest eggs to encourage hens to lay in the right spot, prevent egg-eating, and support broody hens.
• Use egg trays or cartons to collect and store eggs. Keep them cool and dry, and label them with collection dates. If hatching, use an egg turner or incubator.  

Handling: Building Trust with Your Flock

Handling your birds regularly builds trust and helps them stay calm around people.

• Gently handle chicks early on to get them used to touch.
• Move slowly and calmly to avoid stressing your flock.
• Always wash your hands before and after handling birds.
• Watch for signs of discomfort, especially during molting or seasonal changes.

Eggs: What to Expect

Your first eggs may be small or irregular, that’s totally normal. As your hens settle in, their laying becomes more predictable. Here’s what to keep in mind:

• Most hens lay 1 egg every 24-26 hours.
• Expect variations in shell color, depending on the breed.
• Keep nesting boxes clean, dry, and private to encourage hens to lay comfortably.
• Collect eggs daily to prevent breakage and deter predators or egg-eating habits.

Tip: Label your egg cartons with the date of collection to keep your rotation fresh.

Everything You Need to Raise Healthy Layers – All in One Place

From their first peeps to peak production, raising a healthy, productive flock is a rewarding experience and we’re here to support you through every stage.

At Elston Hay & Grain, you’ll find more than just feed. We’ve got the knowledge, supplies, and heart to help you care for your birds with confidence. Whether you’re just starting out or looking to fine-tune your setup, we’re here with high-quality nutrition, comfortable coops, and practical advice you can trust.

Ready to raise happy, healthy layers and enjoy fresh eggs? Stop by Elston Hay & Grain today or give us a call. We’re here to help you set your flock up for success! 

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Elston Hay & Grain

For over 55 years, Elston’s has been San Diego’s go-to for animal care and rural living. We proudly support generations of horse lovers, livestock caretakers, pet owners, and home growers with top-notch hay, feed, and supplies. Rooted in ranching and built on friendly know-how, we’re here to help you care for your animals with confidence. Whether you’re raising chickens, feeding a stable, or spoiling your pup, here at Elston’s we’ve got what you need.

Shop online or visit us at our locations in Ramona and Poway. We proudly deliver to all of San Diego County, including Escondido, Lakeside, Warner Springs, Julian, Ranchita, and South County. https://shop.elstonhayandgrain.com/